Chart of Accounts

Every SPV gets its own isolated set of ledger accounts when it is opened. These accounts form the SPV's "chart of accounts" -- the buckets where money and obligations are tracked.

Account Structure

Each account has a code that identifies it. The code follows a hierarchical pattern:

• {type_code}.SPV-{id} for SPV-level accounts (e.g., 1000.SPV-42)
• {type_code}.SPV-{id}.INV-{id} for investment-level accounts (e.g., 1100.SPV-42.INV-187)

SPV-Level Accounts

These accounts are created once when the SPV is opened. They track money, obligations, and income at the SPV level.

SPV Operating Cash (1000)

Type: Asset

The SPV's bank account balance. Money increases when investor payments arrive and decreases when fees are charged or distributions are sent.

This account is linked to the SPV's virtual account in the payment system.

Investor Capital Pool (2000)

Type: Equity

The aggregate pool of investor capital at the SPV level. Used for SPV-wide capital tracking.

Overpayment Suspense (9000)

Type: Equity

A holding account for investor overpayments that haven't been resolved yet. When an investor sends more than their commitment amount, the excess is parked here until an admin decides to either keep it (increase the investor's position) or refund it.

A non-zero balance in this account means there are unresolved overpayments that need admin attention.

Platform Fees Payable (3100)

Type: Liability

Tracks platform fees the SPV owes to the platform operator. When an investment is fully funded, the platform fee is accrued here as a liability. When the fee is actually paid out (via a fee sweep or direct payment), this account is debited to settle the obligation.

Reading the balance:

• Positive balance = fees the SPV still owes
• Zero balance = all accrued fees have been paid
• The balance decreases as fee payments are made

Management Fees Payable (3200)

Type: Liability

Tracks management fees the SPV owes. Functions identically to Platform Fees Payable but for management fees.

Carry Payable (3300)

Type: Liability

Tracks carried interest the SPV owes. Functions identically to Platform Fees Payable but for carried interest.

Dividend Income (4400)

Type: Revenue

Tracks dividend income received by the SPV.

Interest Income (4500)

Type: Revenue

Tracks interest income received by the SPV.

Wire Fee Losses (5100)

Type: Expense

Tracks losses from wire transfer fees that reduce the amount received from investors.

Portfolio Investment (8000)

Type: Asset

Tracks money sent from the SPV to the portfolio company (the startup being invested in). When the SPV wires capital to the target company, this account is debited and the SPV operating cash is credited.

Intercompany Transfers (8100)

Type: Asset

Tracks money transferred between the SPV and other entities within the platform (e.g. transfers between SPVs or to/from a master LLC). These are internal movements of cash, not external payments.

Reconciliation Suspense (9900)

Type: Equity

A holding account for bank transactions that the system couldn't automatically classify. Each SPV has its own reconciliation suspense account. Items here need manual review by an admin.

A non-zero balance means there are unclassified transactions waiting in the Suspense Queue.

Investment-Level Accounts

These accounts are created for each individual investment within the SPV. They track the specific investor's financial relationship with the SPV.

Commitment Receivable (1100)

Type: Asset

How much the investor still owes. When an investment is committed, this account is debited for the full commitment amount. As payments arrive, this account is credited (reduced). When fully paid, the balance is zero.

Reading the balance:

• Positive balance = investor still owes money
• Zero balance = investor has paid in full
• The account should never go negative (overpayments go to the suspense account instead)

Investor Capital (2100)

Type: Equity

The investor's economic interest in the SPV. This represents the investor's ownership stake. It is credited when the commitment is made and may be adjusted if the investment amount changes.

Account Types Summary

What Admins Should Know

• Account balances update automatically -- you don't need to manually update any account. The system refreshes balances whenever a journal entry is created.
• Fees are accrued when investments are funded -- as soon as an investor's payment is fully received, the platform fee is recorded as a liability the SPV owes. You can see the outstanding fee obligation in the Fees Payable accounts (3100, 3200, 3300). The liability is settled when the fee is actually swept or paid out.
• Overpayment suspense is your alert -- if an SPV's overpayment suspense account (9000) has a non-zero balance, there are overpayments waiting for your decision (keep or refund).
• Reconciliation suspense needs investigation -- if an SPV's reconciliation suspense account (9900) has a non-zero balance, there are bank transactions that need manual classification. See the Suspense Queue playbook.
• All accounts are scoped to their SPV -- every account belongs to a specific SPV, which means each SPV's trial balance is self-contained and should always balance (total debits = total credits).
• Receivable balance shows what's owed -- checking the 1100 account for an investment tells you exactly how much the investor still needs to pay.
• Cash account matches the virtual account -- the 1000 cash account balance should match the SPV's virtual account balance in the payment provider. Any discrepancy indicates a reconciliation issue.